基于动力学特性的黑色高强聚酯工业丝研发

针对原液着色法开发聚酯工业丝存在的基料黏度大、纺丝温度高,以及对着色剂分散性要求高等技术要求,详细研究了添加碳黑的高黏聚酯的流变特性、热稳定性、结晶行为等与纺丝动力学相关的材料特性,作为设计聚酯工业丝干燥、熔融、纺丝挤出、冷却、热拉伸和热定型等工艺参数的技术依据,保证生产工艺的稳定控制,开发了断裂强度为8.20 cN/dtex的黑色高强聚酯工业丝。结果表明:碳黑在纤维中的分散尺寸小于300 nm,色牢度均达到4~5级;该方法不仅充分体现了聚酯工业丝原液着色与力学性能兼具的优点,且避免了工艺设计的盲目性,节约工业化实验成本。

Developing black high-tenacity polyester yarns based on dynamic characteristics

In order to overcome the unstable problems in dope dyeing technology due to the high spinning temperature and disperse of colorant in high viscosity melts, the material properties including the rheological properties, thermal stability, crystallization kinetics related to spinning kinetics of high intrinsic viscosity polyester with carbon black were studied. The key procedures including drying, melting, spinning extrusion, cooling, hot drawing and heat setting were designed based on the above achieved results. The black polyester industrial yarn with high strength (tenacity of 8.20 cN/dtex) and good color fastness to washing and rubbing (4-5 grade) has been achieved. The research outcome is not only helpful to produce dope dyed polyester industrial yarns with clear design directions and with cost, but also provide reference for the development of other functional fibers.