微生物采油技术物理模拟研究现状

针对国内外微生物采油技术的物理模拟研究现状,从微生物采油机理,微生物在多孔介质中的生长、代谢、运移、堵塞,微生物提高采收率等3个方面进行了分析和总结。对于微生物采油机理,主要介绍了微生物对原油的乳化-携带、剥离油膜、生物气以及界面局部富集等。微生物在地层孔隙中的生长是油藏微生物生态系统中竞争与协同双重作用的结果,而协同作用主要表现在营养的链式利用上,微生物在多孔介质中是倾向于运移通过还是倾向于吸附堵塞主要取决于有无相对静止的生长环境,处于随水流一起运移状态的微生物不易产生吸附和堵塞;无论是内源微生物还是外源微生物都可以产生显著的驱油效果,可提高采收率6%~15%。未来微生物采油技术的研究应加强在微生物驱油机理多因素的量化表达、有益菌的识别和选择性激活以及提高物理模拟研究手段与现场试验的相似性3个方向的研究。

PHYSICAL SIMULATION SITUATION OF MICROBE OIL RECOVERY TECHNOLOGY

In view of Research situation on physical simulation of microbe oil recovery technology,analyzed its growth,metabolize,migrate and block in porous media,introduced emulsify-carry,strip of Oil film,biogas and its concentrate on local interface.The growth of microbe in porous media is the result of competition and cooperation,and the cooperation is showed on utilization of nourishment,migrate or block of microbe in porous media is based on whether there is relative immovable habitat,and it is not easy to block in flowing fluid.The microbe of internal or exterior can all enhance oil displacement effectiveness 6 to 15.The future research on microbe oil recovery technology should be concentrate on following aspect: quantification of oil displacement mechanism,recognize and selectivity active on useful microbe,improve the simulation method and its similarity with field experiment.