震动场、应力场联合监测冲击地压的理论与应用

在总结现有冲击地压监测方法和分析其优缺点的基础上,提出冲击地压多参量实时在线联合监测的观点。根据事故现场勘查,将冲击地压破坏方式分为帮部冲击、底板冲击、顶板冲击、气浪、强震等5种;基于主客体不同,将冲击地压分为"自发型"和"诱发型"两类,并阐明了新分类的工程意义;根据两类冲击地压的可监测特征,提出了震动场、应力场联合监测冲击地压的观点,阐明了技术内涵;鉴于获取手段不同,宏观上将冲击地压危险区分为静态危险区和动态危险区两类;结合现场实际,提出了矿井冲击地压监测技术体系和分区治理思路,实现冲击地压的"宏观—区域—局部—点"全局"无缝"监测和"预卸压—解危"的分段分级治理。将研究成果分别应用于深厚表土综放工作面和深井三硬煤层冲击地压治理,取得了良好效果。

Theory of coal burst monitoring using technology of vibration field combined with stress field and its application

The existing methods for coal burst monitoring were summarized，and their advantages and disadvantages were discussed.A view on coal burst monitoring with features such as multi parameter，real time and on line was proposed.Based on the accident investigations，failure modes of coal burst were classified into five types：burst from sides of the roadway，burst from roof of the roadway，burst from floor of the roadway，impact waves and strong quakes.According to the different subjects of coal burst，the coal burst was divided into two kinds：spontaneous-type and induced-type，and the engineering significances of the new classification were described.On the basis of suitable monitoring characteristics of two kinds of coal burst，a coal burst monitoring technology of vibration field combined with stress field was put forward，and its technical connotations were interpreted.In macro sense，coal burst risk areas were divided into two types：static risk area and dynamic risk area，according to differences of retrieval modes.Combined with the practical conditions，the monitoring technology system and the district control ides for coal burst in mine were proposed.The global and seamless monitoring of “macro-area-local-point” and the staging and grading of “depressurizing-relieving danger” for coal burst were achieved.The ideas was applied coal burst prevention of fully mechanized caving face with deep alluvium and “three-hard” coal seam with large depth，which avoid the coal burst accident effectively.