井下煤矸分离与综合机械化固体充填采煤技术

在总结综合机械化固体充填采煤技术研究进展的基础上,提出实施煤矸井下分离的现实需求与意义,并着重综述了煤矸选择性破坏法、重介质选煤法、动筛跳汰法等常用井下煤矸分离方法的技术原理、系统及关键装备,提出了井下煤矸分离与固体充填采煤系统设计的基本原理。结合唐山煤矿存在"三下"压煤开采、矿区环境保护以及煤矸井下分离的工程案例,介绍了该矿"采煤→煤矸分离→矸石充填→采煤"闭合循环的采分充采一体化开采技术的基本原理、分离与充填系统设计及实际工程应用效果。研究表明:井下煤矸分离与矸石充填技术的有机结合可实现矸石减排、井下洗选以及地表沉陷控制,是实现绿色开采的重要途径。

Key technologies of integration of coal mining-gangue washing-backfilling and coal mining

On the basis of study progress of solid backfilling coal mining technology，the paper put forward the realistic requirement and significance of coal-gangue separation underground and emphatically introduced the technological principle of the underground coal-gangue separation of the coal gangue selective crushing method，coal preparation method of dense medium，moving sieve jigging method and their systems and key equipment，then put forward the basic principles of system design of coal-gangue separation and backfilling coal mining.Combined with the engineering problem of “three under” coal mining，the mining area environment protection and coal-gangue separation，the paper introduced the basic principles of technologies of integration of coal mining-coal gangue separation-raw waste backfilling and coal mining in detail，washing and filling system design and the actual engineering application effect.Research shows that the combination technology of coal gangue separation and raw waste filling can realize gangue reduction，underground washing and subsidence control，which is the important way to realize the green mining.