煤岩冲击动力灾害连续监测预警理论与技术

为提高煤岩冲击动力灾害的监测预警效果,采用系统的理论研究和集成创新,完善了弹塑脆性突变模型,揭示了煤岩体损伤及冲击动力破坏特征与声发射、微震、电磁辐射等前兆信息的耦合关系,提出了煤岩体冲击破坏前兆信息辨识准则与监测原理,建立了煤岩冲击动力灾害的连续监测预警技术体系,即煤岩冲击动力灾害时间上从早期综合分析预测到实时监测预警,空间上从区域监测预警到局部监测预警、点验证的时空连续监测预警,并按无、弱、中、强4级对煤岩冲击危险进行分级预测预报。应用结果表明:该技术体系可较为有效地判别和预警煤岩冲击动力灾害危险,应用矿井降低煤岩冲击动力灾害显现71%。

Continuous monitoring and warning theory and technology of rock burst dynamic disaster of coal

In order to increase the monitoring and forecasting effect，by damage mechanics，the elastic-plastic brittle model was established and the characteristics of coal and rock damage acoustic emission，microseismic，electromagnetic radiation coupling precursor information laws were analyzed and revealed.Accordingly，the coal and rock mass destruction precursory identification and monitoring guidelines principle was proposed.Through research with system theory and integrated innovation，a rock burst continuous monitoring and warning theory and techniques system was established，that was of time from the early comprehensive analysis prediction to real-time monitoring and warning while of space from the regional classification and prediction to local monitoring and spot checking.The rock burst hazardous was classified into four grades of none，weak，medium and strong to monitor and predict rock burst.This monitoring and warning technology system was applied in real coal mines.The monitored results show that this technology system can effectively warn the hazardous and the rock burst number dropt by 71% in the applied coal mines.