基于 ANSYS 的车轮材料特性对轮轨接触应力的影响

目的随着我国铁路运输朝着高速、重载、低能耗的方向高速发展,高速列车轮轨承受的载荷显著增加,研究车轮材料特性(弹性模量、泊松比)对CRH3型动车组轮轨接触应力的影响,对保证列车安全性、可靠性及舒适性有重要的现实意义和应用价值。方法采用S1002型磨耗踏面轮对和60 kg/m的标准钢轨,首先对轮轨接触的模型做基本的假设,其次对模型参数、单元选择、网格划分等计算过程进行说明,最后应用弹塑性理论及有限元软件ANSYS分析轮轨接触应力。结果车轮材料弹性模量E分别为124,165,206,247,288 GPa的情况下,轮轨接触对应的最大Mises应力依次为315.451,370.458,435.498,500.274,554.604 MPa,最大接触压力依次为669.264,802.328,920.832,1033.87,1135.19MPa;在车轮材料泊松比分别为0.18,0.24,0.30,0.36,0.42的情况下,轮轨接触对应的最大Mises应力依次为468.035,450.601,435.498,422.587,415.412 MPa,最大接触压力依次为903.068,911.168,920.832,936.339,961.234 MPa。结论车轮材料的弹性模量对轮轨接触应力有显著的影响,最大Mises应力和最大接触应力的变化与弹性模量的变化呈正比关系;泊松比对轮轨接触应力也有一定的影响。

Effect of Wheel Material Properties on Wheel-Rail Contact Stress Based on ANASYS

Objective With the rapid development of Chinese railway transportation towards high-speed, heavy-duty, low energy consumption direction, the load wheel-rail of high-speed train resisted is increasing significantly. The aim of this work was to study the impact of wheel material properties (elastic modulus, Poisson ratio) on wheel-rail contact stress for CRH3 high-speed EMU, which has an important practical significance and application value for ensuring the safety, reliability and comfort of train. Methods S1002 tread wheelset and 60 kg/ m rail were employed. Firstly, the basic assumption was made for the wheel-rail contact model. Secondly, calculation processes of model parameters, cell selection and grid classification were described. Thirdly, the elasticplastic theory and finite element software ANSYS were adopted to analyze the wheel-rail contact stress. Results When the elastic moduli of wheel material were 124, 165, 206, 247, 288 GPa, respectively, the corresponding maximum Mises stress values were as follows: 315. 451, 370. 458, 435. 498, 500. 274, 554. 604 MPa, and the maximum contact stress values were as follows: 669. 264, 802. 328, 920. 832, 1033. 87, 1135. 19 MPa; while poisson's ratios of wheel material were 0. 18, 0. 24, 0. 30, 0. 36, 0. 42, respectively, the corresponding maximum Mises stress values were as follows: 468. 035, 450. 601, 435. 498, 422. 587, 415. 412 MPa, and the maximum contact stress values were as follows: 903. 068, 911. 168, 920. 832, 936. 339, 961. 234 MPa. Conclusion The elastic modulus of wheel material had a pronounced impact on the wheel-rail contact stress, and it had a positive correlation with the maximal Mises stress and contact stress. Poisson ration of material had a certain but not obvious influence on the wheel-rail contact stress.