几种典型复合材料板振动特性综合对比分析及设计规律研究

为探究复合材料可设计参量对板格振动特性的影响规律,以玻璃钢板为设计基准,针对碳/玻混杂、橡胶格栅夹层、浮力材料格栅夹层等3种典型复合材料板方案,开展了固有频率和振动加速度振级特性的仿真分析和模型试验研究。研究结果表明,等厚度的碳/玻混杂板和玻璃钢板质量相当,碳/玻混杂板具有较好的振动抑制特性;格栅夹层板振动特性主要受芯材性能影响,浮力材料格栅夹层板刚度质量比最大,对测试频段内(0~2 000 Hz)振动都有较好的抑制作用,而橡胶格栅板对更高频段(>2 000 Hz)振动抑制效果较好,因此在芯材选择时应选用高阻尼、刚度与格栅想接近的材料;20 mm等厚度的碳/玻混杂板振动响应略低于浮力材料格栅夹层板。以上结论可为复合材料板结构应用选型提供依据。

Comprehensive comparative analysis for vibration characteristics of several typical composite panels and their design law

To investigate the influence law of composite panels’ design parameters on their vibration characteristics, simulation analysis and model tests were conducted for three panel schemes of C/GFRP, rubber-core grid sandwich and buoyant-core one to obtain their natural frequencies and vibration acceleration level characteristics. The results showed that a C/GFRP panel has the same mass as that of a GFRP panel with equal thickness, C/GFRP panel has a better vibration suppression feature;grid sandwich panels’ vibration characteristics are mainly affected by core material properties, buoyant-core grid sandwich panel has the largest ratio of stiffness to mass, and a better suppressing action on vibrations within the range of 0-2 000 Hz, while rubber-core one has a better suppressing action on vibrations within the frequency range of higher than 2 000 Hz, so core material with higher damping and stiffness close to that of grid should be chosen;the 20 mm equal thickness C/GFRP panel’s vibration level is slightly lower than that of buoyant-core one;the conclusions above mentioned can provide a basis for application type selection of composite panels.