深部盘区巷道群集中静载荷型冲击地压机理与防治

针对深部矿井,盘(采)区巷道群屡次发生冲击地压这一问题,以我国新建千米深井盘区巷道群冲击地压发生为背景,理论分析了巷道群无动载诱发冲击启动的机理与防治方法。结果表明,巷道底煤的厚度对底板水平应力集中影响较大;褶曲构造带也显著影响巷道群应力环境;巷道底臌量与底板释放动载荷量值、底煤厚度均成正相关关系;深部煤层巷道群冲击启动原理,是巷道群自身应力叠加在巷间煤柱,提供了基础静载荷;灾害发生地段底煤厚度以及褶曲构造影响,提供了时机静载荷,2者叠加导致巷间煤柱垂直载荷超过了临界值,同时底板煤体承受的载荷超过了其极限承载力;深部煤层巷道群冲击地压属集中静载荷型,采用基于集中静载荷疏导的深孔区间爆破法可防治冲击地压灾害。

Mechanism and prevention of concentrated static load type rock burst of roadway group in deep mining area

In view of the rock burst occurred frequently in the roadway group of disc (mining) area in deep mine,based on the occurrence of rock burst in the roadway group at newly built kilometer deep mine in China,the mechanism and control method of the burst start up without dynamic load induction in the roadway group are theoretically analyzed.Results show that the thickness of bottom coal has a great influence on horizontal stress concentration.The fold belt has a significant influence on roadway group stress environment too.There is a positive correlation between the amount of bottom heave and the dynamic load value and thickness of bottom coal.The principle of impact initiation of deep coal seam roadway group is that the stress of roadway group is superimposed on the coal pillar and provides the basic static load.The bottom coal thickness change and fold impact of disaster area provide the opportunity for static load.The superposition of the two leads to the vertical load of the coal pillar exceeding the critical value.At the same time,the bearing load of floor coal is more than its ultimate bearing capacity.Rock burst in deep coal seam roadway group is a concentrated static load type.The deep hole blasting method based on centralized static load can be used to prevent rock burst.