无煤柱无掘巷开采自成巷道围岩结构控制及工程应用

鉴于传统留煤柱开采方式资源采出率低、巷道掘进率高等问题，基于切顶卸压自动成巷无煤柱开采技术思路，提出了无煤柱无掘巷开采技术，通过与传统留煤柱开采工艺对比，详细阐明了无煤柱无掘巷开采技术工作面的开采方式及巷道形成原理。通过分析工作面回采过程中顶板岩层运动特征，建立了无煤柱无掘巷开采自成巷道围岩结构力学模型，导出了顶板支护阻力表达式并分析了支护阻力影响因素。针对顶板岩层运动特征，研究了无煤柱无掘巷开采配套支护技术。提出了无煤柱无掘巷开采分区治理技术，将成巷区的加强支护分为密集支护区、间隔回撤区和完全回撤区3个区域，提出对不同的支护分区采取不同的支护对策，并在现场进行了工程应用试验。现场工程试验效果表明，无煤柱无掘巷开采实现了盘区内工作面的回采不再需要提前掘进回采巷道、且工作面间无需留设护巷煤柱的开采目标。

Surrounding rocks control technology and application of automatically formed roadway in mining without coal pillar and gateroad excavation

In terms of the fact that the traditional mining method causes the high drivage rate and low resource recovery rate,a new mining technology,mining without coal pillars and gateroad excavation,was put forward based on the idea of roof cutting and automatically formed roadway.The concrete mining method of working face and the principle of roadway formation were explicated by comparing with traditional coal mining technology.Through the analysis of the movement characteristics of roof rock,a mechanical model of surrounding rock structure was established,and the formula for calculating the resistance of roof support is derived.Supporting technology matching with the new mining technology was studied on the basis of the characteristics of surrounding rock movement.Besides,the zoning supporting concept was proposed and applied in the field,which means that different support measures should be taken in different areas.Field test results show that the new mining technology has achieved the goal of mining without coal pillars and gateroad excavation in advance.