有害金属铅-特异性亲合活性成分的筛选

铅是一种对人体和动物有累积毒性作用的重金属,可引起内脏器官的损害、免疫功能和中枢神经系统功能的紊乱。工业经济的不断发展和人们生活行为的改变,使得人类至今无法摆脱铅污染所带来的危害,而且有加重的现象,探索和研究"二级控制"的手段与方法在铅污染危害控制中变得十分重要。本研究从多种无毒、安全的微生物中筛选出对铅有吸附作用的啤酒酵母、红螺菌、乳酸杆菌进行体外吸铅模拟实验,然后用吸附效率达96%的热变性的啤酒酵母作为吸附铅的最适菌,以该菌菌体的胞内蛋白、细胞壁多糖进行吸铅作用比较研究,结果表明啤酒酵母细胞壁多糖组份为较好的铅亲合活性物,其吸附量可达111.04mg(铅离子)/g多糖。本研究结果表明,啤酒酵母细胞壁多糖具有良好的吸附铅效果,有望成为一种效果较为理想的功能性食品添加剂,这将为铅污染"二级控制"提供了一个新的可能的手段。

Safe and Selective Compositions Screened for Specific Microbial Biosorption Capability to Heavy Metal Lead

Lead is a kind of heavy metal which is a cumulative toxicity to human/animal body, and may lead to visceral organs damage, and confusion on immunity and central nervous systems. With the development of industrial economy and the changes of human livelihood, pollution is almost unavoidable, and even worsened. So it is of grest importance to investigate the effective methods for secondary-control strategy against the pollution. In this paper,some specific, namely were screened out three microbes Saccharomyces cerevisiae(YWL05), Rhodospirillum and Lactobacillus bulgaricus as safety microbes by using in vitro simulation test. Then the screened microorganism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with its adsorption rate achieving 96%, and the anti- pollution action of the two parts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or the polysaccharide, and intracellular proteins, were assayed by in vitro simulation test. Results showed that the polysaccharide performs a significant lead affinity with the adsorption effect up to 111.04 mg/g. The investigations of this paper demonstrated that S.cerevisiae polysaccharide exerts a significant action to adsorb lead and is the main component of lead-adsorption of S.cerevisiae. This bio-activator is expected to become a perfect functional feed additive to offer a new possible means of secondary-control agent for anti-lead-pollution.