新中国城市园林绿化政策的历史演进研究： 基于1949—2021年政策文本的量化分析

以1949—2021年中国政府出台的146份城市园林绿化政策文本为研究对象,采用政策文献计量法与内容分析法对城市园林绿化政策的演进特征做分析研究。结果表明：中国城市园林绿化政策主要以国务院所属各部委颁布的通知和规划为主,政策力度有待增强,政策目标需要量化,政策措施过于笼统,政策监督反馈不足;政策演进共经历了早期探索、恢复建设、体系形成、体系完善和体系加强5个阶段,城市园林绿化经历了从“绿化”到“园林化”,再从“园林城市”到“生态园林城市”的转变;政策工具类型逐渐从单一性转向多元性,内容更加具体,可操作性更强。

Research on the Historical Evolution of Urban Landscaping Policy since the Founding of New China: Quantitative Analysis Based on Policy Texts from 1949 to 2021

This paper takes 146 urban landscaping policy texts issued by the Chinese government from 1949 to 2021 as the research object, and uses the policy literature measurement method and content analysis method to analyze the evolution characteristics of urban landscaping policy. The results show that the main body of urban landscaping policy in China is diversified, the administrative ranks of the main body is low, the policy-making is mainly made by departments alone, and the joint issuance of departments is less; the policy force needs to be strengthened, the policy objectives need to be quantified, the policy measures are too general, and the policy supervision and feedback are insufficient; the policy evolution has experienced five stages: early exploration, restoration and construction, system formation, system improvement, and system strengthening, and urban landscaping has experienced the transformation from "greening" to "gardening", and then from "garden city" to "ecological garden city"; and the types of policy instruments have gradually changed from simplicity to diversity, with more specific content and stronger operability