河北嶂石岩区域野生油脂植物资源调查与评价

通过野外调查、标本鉴定和数据信息查询,对河北嶂石岩区域分布的野生油脂植物资源的种类、含油量及蕴藏量进行了统计和分析。结果表明:河北嶂石岩区域共有油脂植物39科72属79种,占嶂石岩区域植物总数的35.91%;在物种组成上,以唇形科、菊科、蔷薇科、十字花科和豆科为优势类群;在生活型上,以草本植物数量为多,木本植物较少,分别占油脂植物的51.90%和37.97%;在含油量上,以含油量在10%~20%之间的植物种类最多,另有近一半的植物含油量在30%以上;在油脂组成成分上,以富含亚油酸、亚麻酸等多不饱和脂肪酸的种类为主,占油脂植物的72.15%。唇形科、菊科、十字花科、豆科、松科和胡桃科等植物因蕴藏丰富、含油量高、应用前景广阔,可作为河北嶂石岩区域野生油脂植物优先开发的重点。

Investigation and evaluation on wild oil plant resources in Hebei Zhangshiyan area

Through field investigation, sample identification and data inquiry, the species, oil content and reserves of wild oil plant resources in Hebei Zhangshiyan area were statistically analysed. The results showed that 79 species, belonging to 72 genera and 39 families, were distributed in this area, accounting for 35.91% of the total number of plants in Zhangshiyan area. From the perspective of specy composition, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Cruciferae and Leguminosae were dominant groups. In terms of life form, the quantity of herb plants was more than woody plants, accounting for 51.90% and 37.97% of the oil plants respectively. In the aspect of oil content, the most species were the plants with oil content in the range of 10%-20%, and nearly half of the oil plants were found more than 30%. In terms of oil composition, 72.15% of oil plants were rich in linoleic acid, linolenic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids. The Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Leguminosae, Pinaceae and Juglandaceae plants had the items of rich reserve, high oil content and broad application prospect, which could be the wild oil plant for priority development in Zhangshiyan area.