武汉市面制食品中铝污染现状及膳食暴露评估

目的 调查武汉市面制品中铝污染现状, 并评估武汉居民的铝暴露情况。方法 根据随机抽样法采集武汉市面制食品共307件, 根据国家标准方法检测其中铝的含量, 并结合2002年中国居民膳食消费量调查结果, 评估居民面制食品中铝的暴露量。结果 307件面制食品中铝含量均值为235.4 mg/kg, 总检出率为55.7%, 总超标率为44.6%, 5类样品中铝含量存在显著性差异; 武汉市面制食品中铝的平均膳食暴露量为 3.63 mg/(kg?bw), 面制食品铝暴露量的P90值为11.5 mg/(kg?bw), 均高于联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会(Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, JECFA)制定的铝每周耐受摄入量(provisional tolerated weekly intake, PTWI)。结论 武汉市面制食品中铝暴露量存在安全隐患, 相关部门需要加大对该类食物中含铝添加剂滥用行为的监管力度。

Status of aluminum pollution and evaluation of dietary exposure in flour foods of Wuhan city

Objective To investigate the contamination of aluminum in flour products in Wuhan city, and evaluate the status of aluminum exposure of residents. Methods According to the random sampling method, a total of 307 samples of flour products in Wuhan were collected, and the contents of aluminum were detected according to the national standard method. Combined with the results of the 2002 Chinese dietary consumption survey, the exposure of aluminum in the flour products was evaluated. Results The average aluminum content in 307 flour products was 235.4 mg/kg, the total detection rate was 55.7%, and the total over-standard rate was 44.6%. There was a significant difference in aluminum content among the 5 types of samples. The exposure was 3.63 mg/(kg?bw), and the P90 value of aluminum exposure for flour food was 11.5 mg/(kg?bw), which was higher than provisional tolerated weekly intake (PTWI) of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Conclusion There is a potential safety hazard in the exposure of aluminum in flour foods of Wuhan city, and relevant departments need to increase the supervision of the abuse of aluminum-containing additives in such foods.