山药黏液质及其酶解物的微观结构及免疫活性

从铁棍山药中提取黏液质，选取不同酶（胰蛋白酶、纤维素酶、复合蛋白酶）对其进行酶解，得到不同酶解产物，采用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜技术，对黏液质及其酶解物的微观结构进行分析，同时采用体外细胞培养和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应方法，研究黏液质及其酶解物对脾淋巴细胞增殖转化及细胞因子mRNA相对表达量的影响。结果显示：黏液质及其酶解物，在微观结构上呈现很大差别；黏液质及其酶解物均能促进脾淋巴细胞增殖转化，但酶解物的促进作用强于黏液质；黏液质及其酶解物对Th1族细胞因子的mRNA表达促进作用显著高于对Th2族细胞因子的mRNA表达促进作用，使细胞中Th1/Th2平衡向Th1方向偏移。

Microstructure and Immunomodulating Activity of Mucilage from “Tiegun” Yam Tubers (Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv. Tsukune) and Its Hydrolysates

Mucilage was extracted from “Tiegun” yam tubers (Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv. Tsukune), and its hydrolysates
were obtained by hydrolysis with different enzymes (trypsin, cellulase and complex protease). The microstructure of
mucilage and its hydrolysates were detected by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, their
effects on the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes and the relative expression levels of cytokine mRNA were explored by cell
culture in vitro and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods, respectively. The results showed that
mucilage and its hydrolysates were different in microstructure. Mucilage and its hydrolysates could promote the proliferation
and transformation of spleen lymphocytes, but the promoting effect of mucilage was weaker than that of its hydrolysates.
Promoting effects of mucilage and its hydrolysates on the mRNA expression of Th1 cytokines were significantly higher than
that of Th2 cytokines. These results showed that yam mucilage and its hydrolysates had potential function to shift the Th1/Th2
balance to relative Th1 dominance.