野生酸枣资源果实品质因子分析及评价指标选择

本研究利用初步筛选的50 份酸枣资源，采用SPSS分析软件进行因子分析和聚类分析，完成对单果质量、果皮色泽、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、VC含量、果形指数、单核质量等16 个果实品质性状的评价和分类。结果表明：因子分析提取了果实质量、果核质量、外观、营养成分等6 项主因子，累计方差贡献率达83.173%。将前6 个主因子载荷值进行主成分聚类分析，简化后的果实品质评价指标为：果皮色泽、单果质量、可滴定酸（或者VC）含量、单核质量、果核指数、果形指数（或者淀粉含量）、可溶性糖含量。选取简化后果实品质评价指标对酸枣资源进行聚类分析，在平方Euclidean距离为14.0时，可将供试50 份资源分为4 类，其中第一类可以作为酸度较大，果实色泽较好资源，第二类可作为果实大，可食率较大资源，第三类可作为选育糖度高的资源。

Selection of Quality Indicators and Factor Analysis for Fruit Quality Evaluation of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa Germplasms

In order to establish suitable methods to evaluate jujube quality and consequently guide the development and
utilization of wild jujube germplasms and the selection of excellent germplasms, evaluation and classification of 16 fruit
quality attributes such as single fruit weight, pericarp color, soluble sugar, titratable acid, vitamin C, fruit shape index, and
single stone weight were carried out on 50 germplasms of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa by factor analysis and cluster analysis
using SPSS software. The results showed that factor analysis extracted 6 main factors including single fruit weight, single
stone weight, appearance and nutrients, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 83.173%. Principal component
analysis and cluster analysis were carried out using the loadings of the first 6 principal components. Pericarp color, single
fruit weight, titratable acid (or vitamin C), single stone weight, fruit shape index (or starch content), and soluble sugar
content were selected for cluster analysis of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa germplasms. When the squared Euclidean
distance was 14.0, the 50 germplasms could be classified into 4 categories. The first category had better fruit color
with higher acidity, the second one had larger fruits with higher proportion of edible part, and the third one contained
higher sugar contents.