O2/CO2气调对贮藏期间姜蛆生理代谢及死亡率的影响

生姜贮藏期间，异形眼蕈蚊（姜蛆）危害严重，对生姜贮藏造成极大的经济损失。研究O2/CO2气调对姜蛆生理代谢、生长发育的影响，并探讨O2/CO2气调对姜蛆的致死效应。实验设置了气体体积分数分别为100% O2、95% O2＋5% CO2、90% O2＋10% CO2、85% O2＋15% CO2和自然大气（CK）5 个处理，对20 ℃、相对湿度85%～95%条件下姜蛆生理活性指标进行定期测定。结果表明，O2/CO2气调，特别是95% O2＋5% CO2处理，能够显著抑制姜蛆生物酶活性，在处理60 h时，姜蛆的蛋白酶、多酚氧化酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶、羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性分别降低了14.7%、53.59%、72.52%、80.3%、61.63%，死亡率比初始高出96.22%，达到97.83%。90% O2＋10% CO2处理对姜蛆控制效果稍差，但与95% O2＋5% CO2处理之间不存在显著差异。研究结果显示，O2/CO2气调可作为生姜贮藏保鲜过程中控制姜蛆危害的潜在措施。

Effect of O2/CO2 Controlled Atmospheres on Physiological Metabolism and Mortality of Pnyxia scabiei Hopkins during Storage of Ginger

During storage of ginger, the occurrence of Pnyxia scabiei Hopkins can cause serious damage, leading to huge
economic losses. In this study, we examined the effect of controlled atmospheres with varying O2/CO2 levels (100% O2,
95% O2 + 5% CO2, 90% O2 + 10% CO2, and 85% O2 + 15% CO2) on the physiological metabolism, growth and development,
and mortality rate of P. scabiei Hopkins. The natural atmosphere was used as control. Physiological indexes of P. scabiei
Hopkins were measured at regular intervals at 20 ℃ and 85%–95% humidity. The results showed that the controlled
atmospheres, especially 95% O2 + 5% CO2, significantly reduced enzyme activities in P. scabiei Hopkins. After 60 h,
compared to the control group, the activities of protease, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), acetylcholinesterase (AChE),
carboxylesterase (CarE) and glutathione-S-transferase (GSTS) were reduced by 14.7%, 53.59%, 72.52%, 80.3% and 61.63%,
respectively, and the mortality rate (97.83%) was increased by 96.22%. The effect of 90% O2 + 10% CO2 was slightly
weaker, but showing no significant difference from the 95% O2 + 5% CO2 treatment. This study demonstrates that the O2/CO2
controlled atmospheres can be a potential control measure for P. scabiei Hopkins during ginger storage.