利用选择性培养基快速初步鉴定食品中的致病微生物

目的 建立快速区分鉴别某种(类)微生物的方法。方法 选择几种常用的培养基, 将不同的菌株接种在培养基上, 通过培养基成分对不同微生物的选择性、显色反应及不同菌株在选择性培养基上具有的特征性菌落形态, 初步并快速判定微生物, 尤其是致病类微生物。结果 大肠埃希氏菌会与其他致病菌混淆, 可以通过结晶紫中性红胆盐(crystal violet neutral red bile salt, VRBA)琼脂将其区分; 志贺氏菌在培养基上菌落基本均为半透明, 体现的均为培养基本身的颜色; 亚硫酸铋(sulfurous acid bismuth, BS)琼脂的选择性较强, 但鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在该培养基上长势良好。结论 该方法可有效提高鉴别致病菌的效率。

Rapid and preliminary identification of pathogenic microorganisms in food by selective medium

Objective To establish a rapid method for distinguishing and identifing certain microorganisms. Methods Several commonly used media were selected, and different strains were inoculated on the media. Through the selectivity and color reaction of the medium components to different microorganisms and the characteristic colony morphology of different strains on the selective medium, the microorganism, especially the pathogenic microorganism, was preliminarily and rapidly determined. Results Escherichia coli was confused with other pathogenic bacteria, which could be distinguished by crystal violet neutral red bile salt agar. The colonies of Shigella were basically translucent on the medium, reflecting the color of the medium. The selectivity of bismuth sulfite agar was more strong, but Salmonella typhimurium growed well on this medium. Conclusion This method can effectively improve the efficiency of identifying pathogenic bacteria.