浓香型白酒蒸馏过程中金属元素的迁移变化规律

利用微波消解结合电感耦合等离子体质谱检测的方法测定泸州老窖浓香型白酒蒸馏过程中，蒸馏前后的酒糟、底锅水及所得的酒样样品中Na、K、As、Pb、Cd、Sn、Ti、Mg、Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn、Ca、Al、Ni、Cr和Ba 17 种金属元素的含量，并借助SPSS统计学软件采用t检验分析酒体中对应元素的来源。结果表明，蒸馏之后超过94%的金属元素仍保留在糟醅中，不到6%的金属元素转移至白酒及底锅水中。Pb、Mn、Cr等重金属元素的转移率显著低于Na、K、Ca和Mg等矿质元素，有效减少了酒中Pb、Mn、Cr等重金属的超标几率。酒样中的Ca、Cu、K、Mg、Na、Zn和Ba等元素主要来源于糟醅，而蒸馏使用的设备则会引入Fe、Ni、Al、Sn元素，Pb和Cr等有害重金属。

Transfer of Metal Elements in the Distillation Process of Chinese Luzhou-Flavor Liquor

A total of 17 common metal elements including Na, K, As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Ti, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ca, Al, Ni, Cr
and Ba were measured in fermented grains, distillery spent wash and liquor samples using inductively coupled plasma
mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) coupled with microwave digestion before and after distillation. SPSS was applied to analyze
the origin of related elements in liquor samples by t-test. The results suggested that more than 94% of the overall metal
elements remained in the wine lees after distillation, while less than 6% metal ions were transferred into either spent wash
or the resultant liquor. Heavy metal ions such as Pb, Mn and Cr showed lower transfer ratio than Na, K, Ca and Mg, which
significantly reduced the possibility of transfer of those hazardous components from the polluted raw materials to liquor. It
was also found that Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Na, Zn and Ba in liquor samples were mainly from wine lees and the equipment used in
the distillation process would introduce Fe, Ni, Al and Sn, and even Pb and Cr to the liquor.