响应面试验优化苦杏仁粕中苦杏仁苷提取工艺及其高效离心分配色谱纯化

为实现苦杏仁资源的高效利用，以带皮生杏仁为原料，首先研究热烫去皮对苦杏仁苷含量的影响，然后采用响应面试验优化了超声辅助提取压榨脱脂苦杏仁粕中苦杏仁苷的工艺条件，应用高效离心分配色谱分离制备高纯度苦杏仁苷。结果表明：按料液比1∶5（g/mL）加入沸水，煮沸10 min，能够较好地达到灭酶保苷的目的，苦杏仁苷含量为（4.72±0.14）%；压榨脱脂苦杏仁粕中苦杏仁苷最佳提取工艺条件为73%乙醇溶液、液料比8∶1、超声温度70 ℃、提取时间20 min、提取2 次，苦杏仁苷的提取率达8.03%；高效离心分配色谱纯化苦杏仁苷的最佳条件为以正丁醇-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水（2.5∶0.625∶0.5∶4，V/V）为溶剂体系，上相为固定相，下相为流动相，转速900 r/min，流速2.0 mL/min，分离纯化得纯度为96.14%的苦杏仁苷。

Response Surface Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and HPCPC Purification of Amygdalin from Bitter Apricot Kernel Meal (Prunus armeniaca)

In order to achieve efficient utilization of bitter apricot kernel meal (Prunus armeniaca), the effect of blanching on the amygdalin content of bitter apricot kernels with skin, and the optimization of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of amygdalin from bitter apricot kernel meal left after pressing out oil using response surface methodology was investigated as well as the preparation of highly pure amygdalin from crude extract. The results showed that significant enzyme inactivation and good retention of amygdalin were simultaneously achieved by blanching in a 5-fold volume of boiling water for 10 min, and the relative content of amydalin was (4.72 ± 0.14)% after blanching. The maximum extraction rate of amygdalin of 8.03% was obtained when the extraction was carried out twice using 73% ethanol as extraction solvent at a solvent-to-solid ratio of 8:1 with 20 min ultrasonication. The crude extract obtained was purified by high performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC), and it turned out that amygdalin with the highest purity of 96.14% was obtained by using the upper organic phase of n-butanol/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (2.5:0.625:0.5:4, V/V) as the stationary phase and the lower aqueous phase of the mixed system as the mobile phase at a centrifugal speed of 900 r/min and at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min.