金针菇菇脚对肉鸡血清生化指标和脂肪沉积的影响

目的：研究金针菇菇脚（Flammulina velutipes stembase，FVS）对Arbor Acres（AA）肉鸡血清生化指标、腹脂沉积、肝脏以及肌肉中脂肪含量的影响。方法：选用1 日龄AA肉鸡270 羽，随机分为5 个处理组（每个处理组3 个重复，每个重复18 只）：空白组（饲喂基础日粮）、抗生素组（基础日粮＋5 mg/kg黄霉素）、3 个水平的FVS组（基础日粮＋2%、4%、6% FVS，均为质量分数，下同），实验期为42 d。结果：1）与空白组相比，日粮中添加2%和6%的FVS可显著降低肉鸡血清中甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）含量（P＜0.05）；2）各剂量的FVS均可降低21 日龄肉鸡血清中总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）含量（P＜0.05），显著提高21 日龄肉鸡血清中瘦素（leptin，LEP）含量（P＜0.05），而对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL-C）水平无显著影响（P＞0.05）；3）与空白组相比，FVS可显著提高肉鸡体质量（P＜0.05），各剂量的FVS可明显降低胸肌、腿肌、肝脏脂肪含量，而各组肉鸡粪便中脂肪含量无显著差异（P＞0.05）；4）与空白组相比，日粮中添加4%和6%的FVS可显著降低42 日龄肉鸡腹脂率（P＜0.05），日粮中添加2%和6%的FVS可显著提高42 日龄肉鸡的激素敏感脂肪酶（hormone-sensitive lipase，HSL）活力（P＜0.05）。结论：在肉鸡饲粮中添加FVS能够促进肉鸡生长，同时起到一定的降血脂和减少机体脂肪沉积的作用。

Effect of Flammulina velutipes Stembase on Serum Biochemical Indices and Fat Deposition in Broilers

Experiments were conducted to study the effect of Flammulina velutipes stembase (FVS) on serum biochemical
indexes, abdominal fat, and lipid contents in liver and muscle of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers
were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates of 18 chickens each: control group (basal diet), antibiotic group (basal
diet + 5 mg/kg flavomycin), and FVS groups at 3 levels (basal diets containing 2%, 4% and 6% FVS). The experimental
period lasted 42 days. The results showed that: 1) dietary supplementation with 2% and 6% FVS significantly decreased
serum triglyceride (TG) (P < 0.05); 2) FVS at each concentration significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC)
(P < 0.05), and increase the content of leptin (LEP) in serum (P < 0.05), although having no obvious effect on high density
lipoprotein (HDL-C) or low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (P > 0.05); 3) different treatment groups revealed a significant
increase in the body weight of broilers (P < 0.05) and a reduction of lipid contents in liver, thigh muscle, and breast
muscle although no significant effect on the excreta of broiler was found (P > 0.05); 4) the abdominal fat deposition was
significantly reduced in the broilers fed with 4% and 6% FVS (P < 0.05), and the activity of HSL was significantly enhanced
in the broilers fed with 2% and 6% FVS (P < 0.05). These results suggested that FVS could reduce serum lipid and lipid
deposition in broilers.