火车车箱底座减振弹簧的强度破坏分析

通过对大量火车车厢底座减振弹簧的破坏样件分析，发现破坏部位都是从弹簧的根部或接近根部的最后一圈断裂。一般这类弹簧均按密圈圆柱形螺旋弹簧受轴向压力而在簧丝截面产生扭矩的强度条件来设计。中对此设计原理提出疑义，指出应充分考虑火车紧急制动时的巨大负加速度而产生的水平惯性力，该力使簧丝截面产生扭矩和双向弯矩，因此应按弯扭组合变形进行强度计算，并给出了簧丝截面上的内力计算公式和强度条件，且与单纯按轴向压力

The Analysis to Intensity Breakage of Damping Spring in Train Carriage Pedestal

By the analysis to a mass of destruct samples in train carriage pedestal , it is discovered that the part of all breakage is the root of spring or the last circle near it . It is apparent that caused from design . Usually , this kind of springs is designed according to such an intensity condition as dense columniform helical spring supports axile press and torsion is produced in its thread section . Author presents some doubtfulpoints , and points that the horizontal inertial force brought by the tremendous negative acceleration when train peremptorily trig must be considered enough , it makes the torsion and bi-directional flexural moment produce in spring thread section . Accordingly, we must fit together bend and torsion to calculate. The formula of internal force and intensity conditions are given . Comparing with the usual method , it is testified that the main cause inducing this kind of spring breakage is the tremendous transverse inertial force brought by the acceleration .