The influence of trace components on the melting point of methyl soyate |
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Authors: | Liangping Yu Inmok Lee Earl G Hammond Lawrence A Johnson Jon H Van Gerpen |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, 50011 Ames, Iowa;(2) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, 50011 Ames, Iowa;(3) Center for Crops Utilization Research, Iowa State University, 50011 Ames, Iowa |
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Abstract: | The objective of this study was to determine the effect of various amounts of unsaponifiables and bound glycerol on the crystallization
temperatures of methyl soyate used as biodiesel. The preparation of methyl esters did not affect the amount of unsaponifiable
matter in biodiesel. A synthetic unsaponifiable mixture added to distilled methyl soyate and blends of methyl soyate and No.
1 diesel fuel (20:80, vol/vol) did not affect the crystallization onset temperature, cloud point, or pour point at concentrations
up to 3% by weight. The amounts of monoglycerides and diglycerides in methyl soyate decreased from 2.60 and 9.87%, respectively,
to 0% as the methanol/soybean oil ratio increased from 90 to 200% of the theoretical requirement. Transesterification reactions
conducted with less than 130% of the theoretical amount of methanol resulted in methyl soyate with a higher cloud point because
of the presence of saturated mono- and diglycerides. Pure mono- and diglycerides added to distilled methyl soyate at 0 to
1.0% did not change the pour point of the esters, but the cloud point of esters increased with increasing amount of saturated
mono- or diglyceride. Pure saturated mono- or diglyceride presented in concentrations as low as 0.1% increased the cloud point
of methyl soyate. Similar results were obtained with mono- and diglyceride mixtures present in incompletely converted methyl
soyate. |
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Keywords: | Biodiesel diglycerides melting point methyl soyate monoglycerides unsaponifiable matter |
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