催化剂的大分子裂化性能与渣油裂化

以渣油的催化裂化反应化学为基础，详细论述催化剂孔结构及其酸性、基质活性、沸石晶粒度、基质与沸石的相互作用等因素对重油催化裂化催化剂大分子裂化性能的影响。重油特别是渣油的组成特征要求催化剂必须具有合适的大、中、小孔比例及适度的酸性分布，以解决大分子烃在沸石催化剂中的活性可接近性问题，其中大、中孔尤其是中孔及其活性起着十分关键的作用；活性基质不但能大幅度提高催化剂的重油裂化能力，且对催化剂的抗重金属、抗碱氮、脱硫、脱氮等性能及产品质量产生重要影响；此外，针对不同装置催化剂的设计要求，提高沸石外表面、充分利用沸石与基质的相互作用等因素在大分子的催化裂解中也起着非常重要的作用。

RESIDE CRACKING AND BULKY MOLECULE CRACKING ABILITIES OF RFCC C ATALYSTS

Based on reaction chemistry of resid catalytic cracking,it is discussed extensively how several factors including catalyst texture and acidity,matrix activity,crystallite size of zeolites and interaction of matrix with zeolites affect the ability of bulky molecule cracking of RFCC catalysts.In order to crack bulky molecule in residue effectively,RFCC catalysts should have proper pores of different size,different acidities,especially of large percent mesopore with high activities.Active matrices can not only enhance resid cracking abilities,but also improve other performances such as metal resistance,basic nitrogen resistance and SOx or NOx abatement.Additionally,increasing outer surface area of zeolites and making full use of interaction of matrix with zeolites are also two key factors in catalysts design for different RFCC units.