Acute toxicity tests with Daphnia magna straus and Pimephales promelas rafinesque in support of national pollutant discharge elimination permit requirements |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Aberta, Rua da Escola Politécnica, 141, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal;2. CENSE, Centre for Environmental and Sustainability Research, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;3. CAPP, Centre for Public Administration & Public Policies, Rua Almerindo Lessa, 1300-663 Lisboa, Portugal;4. MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;5. Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal;6. ToxOmics, Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Nova Medical School da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana, 6, 1150-082 Lisboa, Portugal;1. Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;2. Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;3. Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;4. Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;5. Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA;6. Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;7. Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;8. National Institute of Science and Technology in Molecular Medicine – Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;9. Department of Biology, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA;1. Institute of Nihewan Archaeology, College of History and Culture, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China;2. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;3. Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100710, China;4. Institute of Archaeology of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750001, China;1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430033, People’s Republic of China;2. Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China;3. Department of Internal Medicine, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430033, People’s Republic of China;4. Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People’s Republic of China;5. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325003, People’s Republic of China;6. Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;1. The Hospital of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Fudan University, China;2. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, New Zealand;3. Maternal Fetal Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand;4. Gravida The National Centre for Growth and Development, The University of Auckland, New Zealand |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to determine the static acute toxicity of aniline, p-chloro-m-cresol and 2(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid (silvex) to daphnids (Daphnia magna) and bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane and 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) to both daphnids and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). These data were needed to fulfill requirements established in the NPDES Permit (National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System) issued to the Michigan Division of The Dow Chemical Co. (Midland, Mich., U.S.A.) by the State of Michigan. Where appropriate, water quality-based effluent limitations could be recommended based on the acute toxicity data generated during this study. The results of the acute toxicity tests indicated that bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane was practically non-toxic to both daphnids and fathead minnows (LC50 values of 201 and 184 mg l−1, respectively); additionally, silvex was also found to be practically non-toxic to daphnids (LC50 value > 140 mg l−1). Aniline was highly toxic and p-chloro-m-cresol moderately toxic to daphnids, with calculated LC50 values of 0.17 and 2.0 mg l−1, respectively. Dinoseb was highly toxic both to daphnids and fathead minnows, with reported LC50 values of 0.24 and 0.17 mg l−1, respectively. |
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