试论城市地下公共空间的反恐问题

城市地下公共空间是指城市各种公共地下商业设施、地下娱乐设施、地下停车场和地铁等交通设施、地下广场等具有聚集性人流的地下公共空间场所。城市地下公共空间可能遭受恐怖威胁的内在因素包括地上空间环境复杂和外部安全保障缺失,外在因素包括内部人员密集性、空间的特定功能性和空间自身的脆弱性,面临的恐怖威胁形式主要有爆炸、纵火、暗杀与人质劫持、生化或放射性物质攻击等。反恐预防措施包括地下公共空间的入口控制,引入地下公共空间的情景预防,消除空间的结构性“犯罪死角”以及建立安全疏散机制等措施。

On Anti-terrorist Attack in Urban Underground Public Space

Urban underground public space is the place with a variety of public underground commercial facilities,underground entertainment facilities,underground parking,subway and other transportation facilities,as well as underground plaza with the people gathered.The inherent threat to the urban underground public space may be from the terrorism including the complexity of on-ground space environment and lack of external security.The external factors include high staff-intensity within the space,space-specific functionality and their own vulnerability.The main form of the terrorist threat is the explosion,arson,assassination and hostage taking,biochemical or radioactive material attacks.The protection includes enhancing access control,environmental prevention,eliminating the structural "crime corners" of underground public space and establishing the security evacuation mechanism.