响应面法优化杭白菊花精油的提取工艺及其化学成分研究

为了综合利用杭白菊花精油，对其提取工艺进行优化。利用超临界CO2 流体萃取技术，响应面法优化萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间对杭白菊精油提取率的影响，以确定超临界CO2 萃取杭白菊精油的最优条件；利用模型的响应曲面图及其等高线图，对影响超临界CO2 萃取杭白菊精油提取率的关键因素及其相互作用进行探讨，得到的优化工艺参数为萃取压力25MPa、萃取温度74.9℃、萃取时间186.3min 时，萃取效果最佳，理论提取率为3.51%；实际提取率为3.464%，比理论值低1.28%。气相色谱- 质谱对挥发油化学成分进行分析，鉴定出44种化合物，应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。已鉴定化合物组分占总提取物的72.3%，其中有20 种相对百分含量大于1%。

Response Surface Methodology as an Approach to Optimization of Supercritical CO2 Extraction and Chemical Composition Analysis of Volatile Oil from Flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium

The optimal conditions (namely extraction pressure, temperature and time) for the supercritical CO2 extraction of volatile oil from the flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM) based on a 3-variable, 3-level Box-Benhnken experimental design leading to 15 experiments. Meanwhile, the extracted volatile oil was analyzed for chemical composition. Computer generated response surfaces, canonical analysis and contour plot interpretation revealed that the optimal values of extraction pressure, temperature and time were 25 MPa, 74.9 ℃ and 186.3 min, respectively. Under such conditions, the experimental and predicted values of volatile oil yield was 3.464% and 3.51% and the former was 1.28% lower than the latter. Totally 44 compounds were identified by GC analysis in the extracted volatile oil and their total content was determined by the area normalization method to be 72.3%, of which, 20 exhibited a relative content of more than 1%.