Mix design for self-compacting palm oil clinker concrete based on particle packing |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Innovative Construction Technology (CICT), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hafr Al Batin, 31991 Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;1. Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, 136 Town Engineering, Ames, IA 50011, United States;2. Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, 492 Town Engineering, Ames, IA 50011, United States;3. National Concrete Pavement Technology Center, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States;4. The Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Peter Kiewit Institute 105B, Omaha, NE 68182, United States;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India;1. Civil Engineering Department, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68506, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Civil Engineering, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The consumption of waste materials in self-compacting concrete (SCC) in the construction industry will not only help to conserve the natural resources but also promote sustainability in preserving the environment. Palm oil clinker (POC) is a waste by-product from the incineration process of oil palm shells and fibres. They are porous and lightweight in nature, which makes them suitable for use as a lightweight aggregate (LWA). In this study, a new procedure was employed to obtain the mix design based on the particle packing (PP) concept to ensure the fresh and hardened properties of SCC are achieved. The actual packing level of aggregate and paste volume is integrated into the proportioning method to obtain the final mix design. The proposed procedure was verified by evaluating the SCC formed for self-compactability and mechanical properties. Based on the overall performance of fresh and hardened properties, it can be deduced that the procedure satisfied the requirements for SCC. The satisfactory results indicate that the mix design can be employed not only for POC but also for a variety of combinations of aggregate. |
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