Application of subspace projection approaches for reduced-order modeling of electromagnetic systems

Subspace projection approaches, including the Pade/spl acute/ via Lanczos (PVL), Krylov, and rational Krylov algorithms, are used for reduced-order modeling of wide-band electromagnetic systems. The properties of these algorithms are discussed. A frequency segmentation technique has also been used with the Lanczos algorithm to obtain benchmark data of electromagnetic fields and for scattering parameter extraction from the calculated electromagnetic field values. From the various techniques, the combined PVL/frequency segmentation technique is the most promising for efficient and accurate modeling of electromagnetic systems.