基于双向抛物方程模型的雷达低角跟踪误差分析

针对雷达跟踪低空目标受地理环境影响的仰角估计误差问题，提出了一种基于双向抛物方程(twoway parabolic equation, 2WPE)模型的低角跟踪误差分析方法.采用2WPE建立综合考虑复杂地理条件和雷达参数影响的多径效应模型，分析电波与环境的相互作用机理，计算获得环境传播因子，将其引入传统测角模型，使之具备复杂地理环境下的确定性仿真分析能力.仿真计算了平滑海面、起伏地形等典型环境下的低角跟踪误差，结果表明：雷达发射波束宽度、雷达信号频率及雷达站周围的地理环境都对仰角估计误差有着较大影响.本文提出的方法原理简单、易于实现，在雷达低角跟踪及其抗多径干扰领域具有广阔的应用前景.

Low-angle radar tracking error analysis based on two-way parabolic equation

In this paper, a low angle tracking error analysis method based on two-way parabolic equation (2WPE) model is proposed, to consider the complicated environmental impacts on estimation error of low angle target. According to the two-way parabolic equation, a multipath effect model is established, which takes into account the influences of geographical meteorological conditions and radar parameters. It is used to analyze the interaction mechanism between radio waves and the environment, and also calculate the propagation factor of environment. Accordingly, the propagation factor is constructed to modify the traditional angle measurement model, to gain deterministic simulation analysis ability under complex environment. In this paper, low angle tracking errors under some typical environments, such as smooth sea, rugged terrain and so on. The results show that the radar transmit beam width, radar signal frequency and the geographical environment around the radar station have a great influence on the estimation error of the elevation angle. The method proposed in this paper is of simple principle and easy implementation, and it has a broad application prospect in the field of low-angle radar tracking and its anti-multipath interference.