织构化可控界面对汽轮机调节阀泄漏影响规律及机制

基于流体润滑理论，应用有限元法计算了汽轮机调节阀压力分布及泄漏量，分析了织构化可控界面对调节阀泄漏影响的规律，明确了织构化调节阀的作用机理，实现了界面调控。结果表明：所设计的亲水、疏水织构满足预期的润湿性能；微凹坑流体动压润滑效果较差，动压平衡织构具备动压楔形效应，存在明显的涡流，有效改善了阀杆阀套间隙动压润滑效应，但动压平衡织构增大了上下壁面的联通面积，不利于密封。织构的减漏率影响从大到小依次为：疏水织构、组合织构、亲水织构、动压平衡织构。当调节阀所受压力超过3.5 MPa时，减漏率变化变得平缓。动压效应、密封坝效应以及凹槽内涡流能量交换与能量耗散的协同，使得组合织构在提高阀杆稳定性及降低泄漏方面优于其他织构。

Influence Law and Mechanism of Texturized Controllable Interfaces on Leakage of Steam Turbine Regulating Valves

Based on the theory of fluid lubrication, the pressure distribution and leakage of steam turbine control valves were calculated by finite element method, the influence law of textured controllable interface on the leakage of the control valves was analyzed, the action mechanism of textured control valves was clarified, and the interface regulation was realized. The results show that the designed hydrophilic and hydrophobic textures meet the expected wettability, the hydrodynamic lubrication of micro pits is poor. The dynamic pressure balance texture has dynamic pressure wedge effect and obvious eddy currents, which may effectively improve the hydrodynamic lubrication of clearances between valve stem and valve sleeve. However, the dynamic pressure balance texture increases the connecting area of upper and lower walls, which is not conducive to sealing. The influences of leakage reduction rates of texture from large to small is hydrophobic texture, combined texture, hydrophilic texture and dynamic pressure balance texture. When the pressures on the regulating valves exceed 3.5　MPa, the leakage reduction rate changes gently. Hydrodynamic lubrication, sealing dam effect and the synergy of eddy current energy exchange and energy dissipation in the grooves make the combined texture superior to other textures in improving the stability of valve stems and reducing leakages.