具备温度感知的船用智能水润滑尾轴承设计及性能验证

提出了一种船用智能水润滑尾轴承的创新设计方法，以此辅助船舶尾轴系统在苛刻环境下的运行状态监测与性能预测。基于微型嵌入式自供电监测系统和水润滑轴承结构与材料设计，实时采集与分析船舶航行中水润滑轴承的关键性能参数，实现其运行状态辨识、评估与寿命预测。以苛刻工况下轴承内部温度变化特性及其表征为例，利用CBZ-1摩擦磨损试验机进行智能水润滑尾轴承设计方案的可行性验证。试验结果表明，轴承内部温度可以很好地反映其润滑与工作状态，常温水润滑条件下，其初期升温速度为0.1~0.4 ℃/min、末期升温速度为0~0.01 ℃/min、平稳运行时温度为29~33 ℃，而在干摩擦条件下，以上三项数据分别为0.6~1.4 ℃/min、0.03~0.25 ℃/min、36~45 ℃。不同润滑状态下的巨大差异使得通过温度判断轴承润滑状态成为可能，温度监测的实现将大大提高水润滑轴承的可靠性。

Design and Performance Verification of Marine Intelligent Water-lubricated Stern Bearings with Temperature Sensing

An innovative design of marine intelligent water-lubricated stern bearings was proposed to assist the tail shaft system for improving operating state monitoring and performance prediction in harsh environments. Based on the micro embedded self-powered monitoring systems and the water-lubricated bearing structures and material designs, some critical performance parameters of water-lubricated bearings in ship sailing were measured and analyzed in real-time, which were used for operating state identification, evaluation, and life prediction. As an example, the internal temperature of bearings was chosen for feasibility verification of the above intelligent water-lubricated tail bearings by CBZ-1 friction and wear tester. The results show that the internal temperature of the bearings may effectively reflect their lubrication and working conditions. Under water lubrication conditions, the initial period heating rate is as 0.1~0.4 ℃/min, the final period heating rate is as 0~0.01 ℃/min, and the temperature during the steady operations is as 29~33 ℃. Under dry friction conditions, the three data are 0.6~1.4 ℃/min, 0.03~0.25 ℃/min and 36~45 ℃, respectively. The huge temperature differences in different lubrication states make it possible to determine the bearing lubrication conditions, which means that temperature monitoring will greatly improve the reliability of water-lubricated bearings.