牵引加榴炮瞄准机手轮尺寸人机工效评估与优化

为提升牵引加榴炮瞄准操作工效,依托人机仿真与综合评价方法依次面向瞄准机手轮轮径、安装轴线高差、握柄截面尺寸展开研究.仿真中模拟炮手动态操作行为,通过多项指标对典型行为姿势评估;综合评价中以评语集为参照,对纺锤形、圆柱形、梨形、锥形4类造型握柄对应的实物样本进行抓握与评价.依据仿真、综合评价的逻辑自上而下基于应用层、评估...

Ergonomic Evaluation and Optimization of Handwheel Size of Sighting Device for Towed Gun-howitzer

Based on human-machine simulation and human-machine comprehensive evaluation methods, the diameter of handwheel, the height difference of mounting axis and the sectional dimension of grip were studied to improve the ergonomics of aiming operation of towed gun-howitzer. In the simulation evaluation, the dynamic operation behavior of gunner was simulated, and his operating posture was evaluated by using multiple indexes. During comprehensive evaluation, the real samples of 4 shapes of grips, i.e., spindle-shaped, clinder-shaped, pear-shaped and cone-shaped, were grasped and evaluated with the reference of the comment set. According to the logic of simulation and comprehensive evaluation,the theoretical model of evaluating and optimizing the handwheel of sighting device was derived and constructed from up-to-down in terms of application layer, evaluation layer, data layer and knowledge layer. The result shows that the optimization design of handwheel size should first adopt a wheel diameter of 250 mm and the height difference between the mounting axes of two wheels should be 200 mm. If the grip is in the shape of a spindle, cylinder or pear, the sectional diameter should is considered 30 mm in priority. If the grip is cone-shaped, its sectional diameter can refer to 34 mm. The sectional diameter can be flexibly adjusted within a reasonable range to well fit for the size of the gunner’s hands. The proposed theoretical model aims to accurately capture the optimal reference range of handwheel elements through rapid evaluation and is used to support the optimized design for the purpose of relieving the fatigue on hands, upper limbs, shoulders and back, reducing the risk of injury and thus improving the comfort.