标准化、产业集聚与城镇化水平

高质量城镇化发展必须走高质量集聚之路,高质量产业集聚需要依靠高质量标准的支撑,由此衍生标准化-产业集聚-城镇化的机制路径。本文运用空间杜宾模型(SDM)从标准化水平和产业集聚的复合视角探讨了城镇化水平的影响机制,并对不同区域、不同行业进行了差异性分析。结果发现,存在一条标准化推动产业集聚,进而提高城镇化水平的路径。单独的强制性标准通过对企业自身的强制性要求,提高产品质量,进而推动自身城镇化发展的作用效果优于与产业集聚的交互作用。但推荐性标准与产业集聚在推动城市自身发展中形成协同效应和相互强化作用效果大于单独的推荐性标准通过对企业产业结构的改善要求进而推动自身城镇化发展的作用效果。进一步研究发现,在京津冀地区和其他地区,提高强制性标准水平,对城镇化水平的促进作用更加明显,在京津冀地区和长江经济带,推荐性标准与该地区的集聚产业模式吻合度高,与城市规模也更匹配,能更好地发挥两者的协同作用,推动城镇化发展。第一、二产业的产业集聚程度越强,不仅会对城市自身发展产生促进作用,还会带动周边城市发展。第二产业的推荐性标准水平越高,对城市自身和周边城镇化发展带动作用越显著。第三产业的强制性标准和推荐性标准与产业集聚的协同作用更有利于城镇化水平的提高。各城市应选择与自身优势相适宜的且最能发挥该类优势的标准化及集聚模式,强化城市间的协调联动,提高城镇化水平。

Standardization,Industrial Agglomeration and Urbanization Level

The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism path of standardization,industry agglomeration,and urbanization.This article uses the Spatial Durbin model(SDM)to explore the impact mechanism of the level of urbanization from the composite perspective of standardization and industrial agglomeration,and analyzes the differences among different regions and industries.The results show that:1)there is a path for standardization to promote industrial agglomeration and improve the level of urbanization.The effect of single mandatory standard is better than the interaction with industrial agglomeration,which can improve the quality of products and promote the development of urbanization.However,the synergy effect and mutual reinforcement effect of voluntary standards and industrial agglomeration in promoting a city’s own development is greater than the effect of single voluntary standards in promoting its own urbanization through improving the industrial structure of enterprises;2)In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and other regions,improving the level of mandatory standards plays a bigger role in promoting the level of urbanization.In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River economic belt,voluntary standards have a high degree of coincidence with the industrial agglomeration model in the region,and they are also more matched with the city scale,which can achieve better synergy between the two and promote the development of urbanization;3)The higher degree of industrial agglomeration of the first and second industries will not only promote the development of the city itself,but also drive the development of surrounding cities.The higher level of voluntary standard for the secondary industry,the more significant the driving effect on the urbanization of the city itself and its surrounding areas.The synergy of mandatory standards and voluntary standards of the third industry and industrial agglomeration is more conducive to the improvement of urbanization level.In conclusion,each city should choose the standardization and agglomeration mode which is suitable for its own advantages and can give full play to such advantages,strengthen the coordination and linkage between cities,and improve the level of urbanization.