复杂地形中的电波传播损耗预测研究

远距离不规则复杂地形中,电波传播损耗计算精度较低,对此,文中提出了一种基于地理信息系统并根 据实际地形提高电波传播损耗计算精度的算法模型,构建了可视化的软件显示平台。首先,根据国际电信联盟(ITUR) 的P 系列电波传播建议书,结合实际地理信息情况获取了地形和环境因子的数据。然后,通过数字地图模型,针对 传播路径上各种不同地形区域,分别建立传播模型来计算电波传播损耗,并完成仿真计算界面的设计和实现。最后,给 定收发天线高度和频率,依据实际地形,建立完整的电波传播模型进行仿真实验。结果表明,该算法模型不仅能得到传 播路径上每一个点的损耗,而且与传统的Hata 模型对比,该算法在不同区域和地形中敏感度更高,可以有效提升传播 损耗计算精度,更适用于计算实际地形中远距离不规则复杂地形下的电波传播损耗,帮助改善通信质量。

Research on Propagation Loss Prediction of Radio Wave in Complex Terrain

The propagation loss calculation accuracy is low in the long distance, irregular and complex terrain, according to the actual terrain, this paper proposes an algorithm model based on geographic information system to improve the accuracy of wave propagation loss , and constructs a visual software display platform . First , according to the P - series propagation recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R), it combines with the actual geographic information to obtain the terrain and environmental data. Then, based on various different propagation paths, it uses the digital map model to establish the propagation models respectively to calculate the wave propagation loss and complete the design and implementation of the simulation calculation interface. Finally, it gives the height and frequency of the transmitting and receiving antenna and establishes the complete radio wave propagation model to perform simulation according to the actual terrain. The results illustrate that the algorithm model can not only obtain the loss of each position on the propagation path, but also have more sensitivity in different regions and terrains comparing with the traditional Hata calculation model. This model can effectively improve the calculation accuracy of propagation loss, and it is more suitable for calculating the wave propagation loss under the actual longdistance irregular and complex terrain, and helps to improve the communication quality effectively.