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Enhanced clustering of biomedical documents using ensemble non-negative matrix factorization
Authors:Xiaodi Huang  Xiaodong Zheng  Wei Yuan  Fei Wang  Shanfeng Zhu
Affiliation:a School of Computing and Mathematics, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia
b The School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
c Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
d State Key Lab of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Abstract:Searching and mining biomedical literature databases are common ways of generating scientific hypotheses by biomedical researchers. Clustering can assist researchers to form hypotheses by seeking valuable information from grouped documents effectively. Although a large number of clustering algorithms are available, this paper attempts to answer the question as to which algorithm is best suited to accurately cluster biomedical documents. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely applied to clustering general text documents. However, the clustering results are sensitive to the initial values of the parameters of NMF. In order to overcome this drawback, we present the ensemble NMF for clustering biomedical documents in this paper. The performance of ensemble NMF was evaluated on numerous datasets generated from the TREC Genomics track dataset. With respect to most datasets, the experimental results have demonstrated that the ensemble NMF significantly outperforms classical clustering algorithms of bisecting K-means, and hierarchical clustering. We compared four different methods for constructing an ensemble NMF. For clustering biomedical documents, this research is the first to compare ensemble NMF with typical classical clustering algorithms, and validates ensemble NMF constructed from different graph-based ensemble algorithms. This is also the first work on ensemble NMF with Hybrid Bipartite Graph Formulation for clustering biomedical documents.
Keywords:Biomedical document clustering  Non-negative matrix factorization  Ensemble clustering
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