金属矿山固体废物处置与利用途径分析

金属矿山采选过程中产生大量废石(土)、渣、尾矿等固体废物,占用土地,处置不当会产生环境污染和破坏等,福建紫金山金铜矿矿山是我国已探明的特大型有色金属矿产基地之一,主要采取露天开采、堆浸和炭浸回收工艺,产生的固体废物主要有废石、堆浸渣和炭浸尾矿,固体废物年产生量巨大,就地处理对矿区生态环境影响深远,紫金山金铜矿建成10多年间,采取了多种手段和方法对固体废物进行处理,本文通过对紫金山金铜矿固体废物处置与利用途径进行总结分析,并对矿业弃地的生态恢复与重建提出有效建议,为我国众多金矿矿山的固废处理提供借鉴和参考。

Analysis of Treatment and Utilization Approaches of Solid Waste from Metal Mines

Abundant solid waste such as waste ore(soil),slag,tailings is produced during mining and mineral processing of metal mines,which will take up many lands and result in environmental pollution and damage.Zijinshan Gold-copper Mine in Fujian province is one of the super huge bases for producing nonferrous metals,chiefly using open pit mining,heap leaching and CIL reclaim processes.The main solid waste generated includes waste ore,heap leaching slag and CIL tailings.As the annual output of solid waste is tremendous and will have profound impact on the ecological environment in mining area if disposed on site,various means and methods have been adopted to deal with the solid waste in Zinjinshan Gold-copper Mine during more than 10 years since its foundation.The paper makes a conclusion and analysis on the treatment and utilization approaches of solid waste in Zijinshan Gold-copper Mine and presents effective recommendations on ecological rehabilitation and reconstruction of abandoned mining lands,which can be as the reference for the solid waste treatment of numerous gold mines in China.