Pyridylphosphine ligands for iron-based atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate and styrene |
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Authors: | Zhigang Xue Seok Kyun Noh Won Seok Lyoo |
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Affiliation: | a School of Display and Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 214-1 Dae-dong, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea b School of Textiles, Yeungnam University, 214-1 Dae-dong, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | Two pyridylphosphine ligands, 2-(diphenylphosphino)pyridine (DPPP) and 2-(diphenylphosphino)methyl]pyridine (DPPMP), were investigated as complexing ligands in the iron-mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene with various initiators and solvents. In studies of their ATRP behavior, the FeBr2/DPPP catalytic system was a more efficient ATRP catalyst for the MMA polymerization than the other complexes studied in this paper. Most of these systems were well controlled with a linear increase in the number-average molecular weights (Mn) vs. conversion and relatively low molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn = 1.15-1.3) being observed throughout the reactions, and the measured molecular weights matched the predicted values with the DPPP ligand. The polymerization rate of MMA attained a maximum at a ratio of ligand to metal of 2:1 in p-xylene at 80 °C. The polymerization was faster in polar solvents than in p-xylene. The 2-bromopropionitrile (BPN) initiated ATRP of MMA with the FeX2/DPPP catalytic system (X = Cl, Br) was able to be controlled in p-xylene at 80 °C. The polymerization of styrene was able to be controlled using the PECl/FeCl2/DPPP system in DMF at 110 °C. |
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Keywords: | Atom transfer radical polymerization Pyridylphosphine ligands Iron halide |
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