电力市场环境下的发电容量充裕性问题

电力工业改革面对的一个重要挑战是如何维持足够的发电容量，以满足当前和将来的负荷需求，美国加州电力市场的失败引起了对这一问题的广泛关注和争议。文中对与在电力市场环境下如何确保充裕的发电容量相关的一些问题做了综述、评估和讨论,包括仅靠能量市场是否可以引导出充足的发电容量？是否应该设置电价上限? 为什么需要向发电公司支付容量费用或建立容量市场? 应该怎样确定容量费用？以及现有的确定容量费用的方法、容量市场和辅助服务市场的关系、政府或监管机构应该扮演的角色等。

GENERATION CAPACITY ADEQUACY IN THE DEREGULATED ELECTRICITY MARKET ENVIRONMENT

One of the challenges for power industry restructuring is to maintain sufficient generation installed capacity to meet demand in nowadays and in the future, and the electricity market failure in California has brought this subject to the forefront of extensive debates. This paper initiates a review, assessment and discussion on some important issues related to ensuring adequate generation capacity additions under a competitive electricity market environment, including: Can an energy only market alone lead to sufficient generation capacity? Should prices of electricity be capped or not? Why is a capacity payment or capacity market needed? How should the capacity payment be determined? Existing approaches for capacity payments; Relationship between capacity markets and ancillary service markets; Roles of regulatory organizations.