黄河河口水沙运动的二维数学模型

本文针对黄河河口河道水沙潮波的特点，从水流连续方程、运动方程，泥沙运动方程出发，补充了潮流挟沙能力的计算公式，建立了黄河河道河口二维数学模型。以1982年实测资料，从潮位过程、流速大小和方向及海底冲淤变形等方面对数学模型进行了验证计算。在此基础上开展了典型水沙条件下黄河河口泥沙运动规律的模拟研究。其结果揭示了黄河河口清水沟所处海域的潮流潮汐特性和泥沙输移规律。这些成果与实测资料以及卫星遥感分析结果一致，进一步表明了模型的可靠性。

2-D mathematical model for flow and sediment transport in the estuary of Yellow River

Based on the flow equation, continuous equation, sediment movement equation and seabed deformation equation for calculating sediment transportation capacity of tidal flow, a 2-D mathematical model for simulating the flow and sediment transport in the estuary of Yellow River is established. The finite element method is applied to discrete the equations in numerical calculation. The model is calibrated by the observation data obtained in 1982 and 1983, including the tidal level, magnitude and direction of flow velocity and deformation of seabed. On this basis, the model is applied to study the movement of sediment in the estuary of Yellow River under typical flow and sediment condition. The simulation helps to clarify the tidal flow characteristics and law of sediment transport in the river mouth. The calculation results accord with observation data.