Antifouling agent release from marine coatings-ion pair formation/dissolution for controlled release |
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Authors: | Paul Handa, Camilla Fant,Magnus Nyd n |
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Affiliation: | aApplied Surface Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden bCell and Molecular Biology/Biolpolymer Products AB, Göteborg University, Box 462, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden |
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Abstract: | In marine coatings, the ability to sustain constant release of antifouling agents (AFA(s)) over a long period of time has become increasingly important. One efficient approach to prevent that diffusion depletes the paint film's antifouling activity is to adsorb the AFA strongly to a specie with low translational mobility, such as a high molecular weight polymer. Therefore, the AFA, Medetomidine, was adsorbed onto a sulfonated polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene (SDPS) generating a Medetomidine–SDPS ion pair in an organic solvent. The interaction was investigated by 1H NMR in butanol (BuOH-d10) and on solid surfaces by the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring technique (QCM-D) in two different solvents, seawater and o-xylene. From the NMR studies in butanol (BuOH-d10), a strong interaction between Medetomidine and SDPS was observed. From the QCM-D measurements, differences in affinity between Medetomidine and the SDPS was observed when changing from seawater to o-xylene. In seawater, the interaction was weak and displayed a large degree of reversibility compared to in o-xylene, where the interaction was strong and almost irreversible. Different swelling behaviour was also observed at the solid surfaces depending on the solvent used with o-xylene exhibiting the largest swelling of the polymer layer. |
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Keywords: | QCM-D NMR Polymer Antifouling agent Coating Swelling |
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