Multi-scale modeling, stress and failure analyses of 3-D woven composites |
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Authors: | A E Bogdanovich |
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Affiliation: | (1) 3TEX, Inc., 109 MacKenan Drive, Cary, NC 27511, USA |
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Abstract: | The very complex, multi-level hierarchical construction of textile composites and their structural components commonly manifests
via significant property variation even at the macro-level. The concept of a “meso-volume” (introduced by this author in early
1990s) is consistently applied in this work to 3-D stress/strain and failure analyses of 3-D woven composites at several levels
of structural hierarchy. The meso-volume is defined as homogeneous, anisotropic block of composite material with effective
elastic properties determined through volumetrically averaged 3-D stress and strain fields computed at a lower (“finer”) level
of structural hierarchy and application of generalized Hooke’s law to the averaged fields. The meso-volume can represent a
relatively large, homogenized section of a composite structural component, a lamina in laminated composite structure, a homogenized
assembly of several textile composite unit cells, a single homogenized unit cell, a resin-impregnated yarn, a single carbon
fiber, even a carbon nanotube assembly. When composed together, distinct meso-volumes constitute a 3-D Mosaic model at the
respective hierarchy level. A multi-scale methodology presented in this paper first illustrates 3-D stress/strain analysis
of the Mosaic unidirectional composite, computation of its effective elastic properties and their further use in 3-D stress/strain
analysis of the Mosaic model of 3-D woven composite Unit Cell. The obtained 3-D stress/strain fields are then volumetrically
averaged within the Unit Cell, and its effective elastic properties are computed. The predicted effective elastic properties
of 3-D woven composite are compared with experimental data and show very good agreement. Further, those effective elastic
properties are used in 3-D simulations of three-point bending tests of 3-D woven composite; theoretical predictions for central
deflection show excellent agreement with experimental data. Finally, a 3-D progressive failure analysis of generic 3-D Mosaic
structure is developed using ultimate strain criterion and illustrated on the 3-D woven composite Unit Cell. The predicted
strength values are compared to experimental results. The presented comparisons of theoretical and experimental results validate
the adequacy and accuracy of the developed material models, mathematical algorithms, and computational tools. |
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