Growth and electrical characterization of the lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) single crystals for piezoelectric devices |
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Authors: | F Kochary M D Aggarwal A K Batra R Hawrami D Lianos A Burger |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Physics, Alabama A&M University, 4900 Meridian Street, P. O. Box 1268, Normal, AL 35762, USA;(2) SMDC, US Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA;(3) Department of Physics, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37208, USA |
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Abstract: | The lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate is one of the new generations of piezoelectric materials with outstanding properties.
Single crystals of 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.33PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) show superior properties as compared to piezoelectric ceramics and piezoelectric films in device applications. Large
size crystals are required for specific applications. Previously, transparent and high quality PMN-PT single crystals have
been grown in our laboratory using the high temperature flux method. The size of the obtained crystals was small and varied
from 2 to 8 mm3, mostly showing regular prismatic shape. In present attempt, PMN-PT crystals are grown from the vertical gradient freeze
method with no flux using congruent melt. Processing conditions and growth parameters have been optimized to increase the
size and yield of the perovskite crystals including cooling rate, soak time and soak temperature. The size of the grown crystals
obtained by this method is very large relatively and varied from 5 to 30 mm3. The microstructure of the as grown single crystals is investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Piezoelectric properties
of the grown crystals are also investigated. PMN-PT plates show excellent piezoelectric properties. Samples were poled under
an applied electric field of 5 kV/cm. Dielectric properties at a frequency of 1 kHz are examined. Finally, the variation of
pyroelectric coefficient with temperature is studied. The grown PMN-PT crystals show typical relaxor dielectric properties. |
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