General geotechnical concept of tunnel construction in Lefortovo (Moscow) and measures taken to protect historical buildings from deformation

A general concept is cited for the design of an underground transportation tunnel in the Lefortovo District. Attention is focused on problems of the tunnel's layout in plan and profile, the layout of sections, and selection of the driving technology. Results are presented for the numerical modeling of variations in the stress—strain state of the soil mass, which are associated with the tunnel's installation. A set of measures to protect existing architectural monuments is proposed. Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 2, pp. 17–21, March–April, 1998.