孔洞物理模型的地震属性特征研究

 文中介绍了孔洞物理模型实验的设计、制作方法及模型数据采集、处理的过程，并在解释层位的基础上，利用物理模型进行孔洞的地震响应特征研究，分析了孔洞的分布形态和孔洞内不同流体对地震属性的影响以及它们之间的关系和变化规律。分析结果表明：有一定发育规模且顶、底和洞壁保存相对较好的孔洞在偏移剖面上表现为背景差异明显的强短反射，且当孔洞内含气时，孔洞绕射最严重、串珠状特征最明显；主振幅和积分最大值/最小值属性对孔洞内流体的反映最敏感，洞内含气时属性值变化最大，含油次之，含水最小。上述地震属性特征可为孔洞及其所含流体的识别提供有益的帮助。

Study on feature of seismic attributes in vugular physical model

The paper introduced the design and fabrication approach of vugular physical model and the procedure of model data acquisition and processing; utilized physical models to carry out the study on the feature of vugular seismic response on the basis of horizons interpretation; and analyzed vugular distribution feature and influence of different fluids on seismic attributes as well as the relationship among them and variation law. The analysis results showed the vugs having a given development size and keeping relative better top, bottom and vugular wall display strong short reflections with distinctive background difference on migration sections, the diffractions of vugs are more serious and the string of beads-like feature is distinctive in gas-bearing vugs; the reaction of main amplitude and max/min attributes to fluids in vugs is more sensitive: the variation of attributes is the largest for gas-bearing vugs, second for oil-bearing and the smallest for water-bearing. Abovementioned seismic attributes feature can provide useful help for recognition of vug and fluid-bearing nature.