Porous carbons |
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Authors: | Satish M Manocha |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Materials Science, Sardar Patel University, 388 120 Vallabh Vidyanagar, India |
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Abstract: | Carbon in dense as well as porous solid form is used in a variety of applications. Activated porous carbons are made through
pyrolysis and activation of carbonaceous natural as well as synthetic precursors. Pyrolysed woods replicate the structure
of original wood but as such possess very low surface areas and poor adsorption capacities. On activation, these exhibit increased
adsorption volumes of 0.5-0.8 cm3/gm and surface areas of 700–1800 m2/gm depending on activation conditions, whether physical or chemical. Former carbons possess mixed pore size distribution
while chemically activated carbons predominantly possess micropores. Thus, these carbons can be used for adsorption of wide
distributions of molecules from gas to liquid. The molecular adsorption within the pores is due to single layer or multilayer
molecule deposition at the pore walls and hence results in different types of adsorption isotherm. On the other hand, activated
carbon fibres with controlled microporous structure and surface area in the range of 2500 m2/gm can be developed by controlled pyrolysis and physical activation of amorphous carbon fibres. Active carbon fibres with
unmatchable pore structure and surface characteristics are present and futuristic porous materials for a number of applications
from pollution control to energy storage. |
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Keywords: | Porous carbons activated carbon fibres surface area microporosity double layer capacitor |
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