基于线结构光旋转扫描和光条纹修复的三维视觉测量技术研究

非接触式三维视觉测量广泛应用在工业制造质量检测中。针对工业金属零部件检测的应用场景，提出了一种基于线结构光旋转扫描和光条纹修复的三维视觉测量方案。首先，通过基于线结构光投影的计算机视觉技术，设计了线结构光旋转扫描视觉子系统，并对工业相机、线结构光平面和旋转扫描中心轴进行标定；然后，针对采集到的光条纹图像存在低灰度区域缺失数据的问题，提出了基于缺失区域自适应灰度增强的光条纹中心线提取算法，有效修复了被测零部件的线结构光投影条纹；同时，利用文中提出的线结构光三维视觉测量方案，通过重建标准球棒的表面点云计算两球直径和球间距来评价测量系统的精度，测量系统精度优于0.06 mm；最后，进行金属轮毂外轮廓形貌测量，通过重复性实验计算轮毂外轮廓最大半径，验证重复性误差优于0.03%。实验结果表明:该方法可以无损伤、高效率、高精度地实现工业金属零部件三维测量，弥补了接触式三维测量方法的缺陷。

Research on 3-D vision measurement technology based on line structured light rotating scanning and laser stripe repair

Non-contact 3-D vision measurement is widely used in industrial manufacturing quality inspection. Aiming at the application scenario of industrial metal parts detection, a 3-D vision measurement scheme based on line structured light rotating scanning and laser stripe repair was proposed. Firstly, through the computer vision technology based on line structured light projection, the line structured light rotating scanning vision subsystem was designed, and the industrial camera, line structured light plane and rotating scanning central axis were calibrated; Then, aiming at the problem of missing data in the low gray area of the collected laser stripe image, a laser stripe center line extraction algorithm based on adaptive gray enhancement of the missing area was proposed, which effectively repaired the line structured light projection stripes of the tested parts; At the same time, using the line structured light 3-D vision measurement scheme proposed in this paper, the accuracy of the measurement system was evaluated by reconstructing the surface point cloud of the standard bat and calculating the diameter and spacing of the two balls. The accuracy of the measurement system was better than 0.06 mm; Finally, the shape of the outer contour of the metal hub was measured, and the maximum radius of the outer contour of the hub was calculated through the repeatability experiment. It is verified that the repeatability error is better than 0.03%. The experimental results show that this method can realize the 3-D measurement of industrial metal parts without damage, high efficiency and high precision, and make up for the defects of the contact 3-D measurement method.