Simulation of solar heating systems—an overview

Process simulation has become an accepted tool for the performance, design, and optimization of thermal processes. Solving the mathematical models representing solar heating process units and systems is one of the most tedious and repetitive problems. Nested iterative procedures are usually needed to solve these models. To tackle these problems, several researchers have developed different methods, techniques, and computer programs for the simulation of very wide verity of solar heating process units and systems.It is of interest in this work to characterize and classify these methods, techniques, and programs in order to better understand their relations, types, structures, and procedures.The simulation problems are outlined; the simulation programs are grouped into two main types; special purpose, and general-purpose programs. Sequential and simultaneous computational sequences are illustrated. Simulator structure, program evaluation, and numerical techniques are summarized.By considering the unit and/or system entropy generation as well as the energy and material balances equations, more realistic models can be obtained. Also, rapid development of computer hardware and software will suggest new techniques and programs to be considered. These progress directions are noted.