水位下降条件下土坡破坏的离心模型试验研究

水位下降引起土坡破坏的规律机理对于发展稳定性分析方法具有重要意义。研制了离心模型试验中超重力场水位升降模拟设备，进行水位下降条件下黏性土坡变形破坏的离心模型试验。根据试验位移测量结果，基于变形与破坏过程集成分析的思路探讨了土坡破坏机理。水位下降导致土坡发生由坡顶向坡脚的渐进性的错动破坏。水位下降条件下土坡的变形和破坏过程是耦合的。变形局部化发展是导致滑裂面出现的根本原因。滑裂面出现后滑动体内部仍发生显著的变形，并与滑裂面上的错动变形相耦合。

Centrifuge model test on failure of soil slope under drawdown of water level

The failure mechanism of slopes under the rapid drawdown is of great significance for development of stability analysis methods. A new device was developed to control the water level in flight during centrifuge model tests. The centrifuge model test was conducted on the deformation and failure of a cohesive soil slope under the rapid drawdown conditions. Based on the measured displacement of the slope, the failure mechanism was analyzed from the points of deformation and failure processes. The test results showed that the drawdown of water level will result in a progressive slippage failure of the slope from the top to the toe. The deformation and failure processes of the slope were coupled during drawdown, and the development of deformation localization was essential to the slip surface of the slope. Significant deformation occurred and was coupled with the slippage deformation along the slip surface after the full slip surface appeared.