中国大陆建筑物地震灾害风险分布研究

宏观掌握我国建筑物分布和抗震能力现状，震前对政府指导建设规划、建筑物抗震加固和民众提高防灾意识，震时指挥地震应急、损失评估等工作有重要指导意义。该文在对我国各地区建筑物抗震能力开展大量抽样调查的基础上，研究经济、土地利用、设防情况、人口密度和行政区划属性等因素与区域建筑物抗震能力的相关性，建立中国大陆区域建筑物抗震能力综合分区分类方法；利用实际地震震害资料、震害预测资料及建筑物群体震害预测方法，建立不同地区各种结构类型的建筑物地震易损性矩阵；结合不同区域内所具有的各类建筑物存量，基于GIS软件平台，计算并绘制在基本设防烈度地震作用下中国大陆地震灾害风险损失分布图。文中提出一套评估区域建筑物地震灾害风险损失较为完整的思路和方法，可为生命线地震灾害风险损失和人员伤亡分布等研究提供借鉴。

Study on seismic disaster risk distribution of buildings in mainland China

Macroscopically mastering the distribution and the situation of seismic capacity of buildings in China is of great importance. It plays an essential role in government-directed construction planning, seismic strengthening of buildings and enhancing the public′s awareness of disaster prevention prior to the occurrence of earthquakes. Besides it can guide the earthquake emergency response, loss assessment, and so on during earthquakes. In this study, a large-scale sampling survey on the seismic capacity of buildings across the mainland China is carried out. On this basis, the correlation of the seismic capacity of buildings in different regions with many factors such as the economy, land use, seismic fortification levels, population density, and level of administrative division is studied. Meanwhile, a comprehensive division and classification method for demonstrating seismic capacity of buildings in mainland China was proposed. By using the prediction method for seismic damages to building groups, seismic vulnerability matrixes of buildings with different structures in various regions were established based on the seismic damage data and the earthquake prediction data. In addition, the seismic disaster risk and loss distribution maps of buildings in mainland China under the earthquake actions with basic intensity were drawn on the basis of the GIS software and the stocks of buildings with different structures in various regions. A whole thought and method for seismic disaster risk and loss evaluation of buildings in different regions were proposed, which could provide references for the further studies on the distribution of the seismic disaster risk loss of lifeline engineering and casualties.