大开地铁车站地震破坏模拟与机理分析

1995年日本阪神地震中塌毁的大开地铁车站震害事例引起了人们对地下结构抗震问题前所未有的关注和重视。针对这一震害事例，国内外已开展了大量的理论、数值和试验研究工作，对震害机理和破坏模式等进行了深入、系统的解析，但迄今并未形成一种系统性的共识。基于大开地铁车站三维非线性数值分析模型，采用时域显式整体分析方法，从围岩土体对浅埋地下结构的两种地震作用效应、组成结构构件不同的受力功能，以及关键构件的力学性能与体系受力分配改变导致的侧墙、中柱变形能力不协调等方面，系统阐述了大开地铁车站的地震破坏机理和失效模式，并提出了抗震关键支撑柱概念。

Collapse simulation and failure mechanism analysis of the Daikai subway station under seismic loads

The serious attention on anti-seismic design of underground structures has been paid after the collapse of the Daikai subway station in the Great Hanshin earthquake in 1995. Great efforts have been made in investigating the failure mode and the collapse mechanism of the station structure based on theoretical, numerical and experimental approaches. However, a consensus on the failure mode and the collapse mechanism hasn’t been achieved yet. In this paper, a three-dimension numerical model of nonlinear earthquake response simulation of the station structure was firstly established. Then, the failure mode and the collapse mechanism of the underground structure were systematically explored from seismic action mode, different load bearing functions of structural components, incompatibility of deformation capacity between intermediate columns and lateral walls during earthquake. Further, a concept of key supporting columns for anti-seismic design of underground structures was presented.